Phytoremediation of tntcontaminated soils using plants selected by a fourstep screening procedure principal investigator. Assisting phytoremediation of heavy metals using chemical. Phytoremediation is a recently developed technology that offers a costeffective solution by using plants, and associated soil microbes, to reduce the content, or toxic effects, of contaminants in. Principles of bioremediation processes artin hatzikioseyian national technical university of athens ntua, school of mining and metallurgical engineering, division of. Not aware of any trials with native aspen in uk but. Phytoremediation is a bioremediation process that uses various types of plants to remove, transfer, stabilize, andor. Plants can take up and accumulate toxic metals in their leaves where they can be disposed of easily. Phytoremediation can be understood as the use of plants trees, shrubs, grasses and aquatic plants and their associated microorganisms in order to remove, degrade or isolate toxic substances from the environment 38. Crude oil has a major impact in the environment into which it is released.
The treatment of metals or other inorganic contamination has been discussed in section 4. Phytoremediation process involves mitigating pollutant concentrations in contaminated soils, water or air with plants able to contain, degrade or eliminate metals, pesticides, solvents, explosives, crude oil and its derivatives raskin, 1996. Phytoremediation is a general term used to clean up contaminants using plants, or remediate sites by removing pollutants from soil and water chandra shekar et al 2003. Jun 29, 2015 phytoremediation 4 phytoremediation consists of mitigating pollutant concentrations in contaminated soils, water, or air, with plants able to contain, degrade, or eliminate metals, pesticides, solvents,explosives, crude oil and its derivatives, and various other contaminants from the media that contain them. We bridge the gap between these disciplines by describing project development, clone selection, tree establishment, and evaluation of success metrics in the context of their importance to utilizing trees for phytoremediation. Although the process is efficient, it consumes more time and requires higher land area. Plant assisted bioremediation, sometimes referred to as a type of phytoremediation, involves the interaction of. Phytoremediation involves growing plants in a contaminated matrix to remove environmental contaminants by facilitating sequestration and or degradation detoxification of the pollutants. Rafts with sunflowers growing on them float on a small pond at the chernobyl nuclear accident site in the ukraine. However, the use of plants has many, often insufficiently known, advantages. Recently, phytoremediation, which is an emerging technology, should be considered for remediation of contaminated sites because of its cost effectiveness, aesthetic advantages and long term applicability 10. Types of the method of phytoremediation used depends on the type and amount of pollution, as well as what type of area it is found in.
The aim of this paper is to provide a brief view about factors affecting heavy metals uptake by plant species. Appendix b documents provided to the key informants. Bioremediation and phytoremediation linkedin slideshare. Phytoremediation phytoremediation plants environmental. Phytoremediation types of phytoremediation notes pdf. One possible step in the phytoremediation process is adsorpti on of the. The science of phytoremediation arose from the study of heavy metal tolerance in plants in the late 1980s.
There are several ways plants can be used for the phytoremediation. Examples where phytoremediation has been used successfully include the restoration of abandoned metal mine workings, and sites where polychlorinated biphenyls have been dumped during manufacture and mitigation of ongoing coal mine discharges reducing the impact of. Selamat 1school of civil engineering, universiti sains malaysia, 14300 nibong tebal, penang, malaysia. Organic pollutants can be taken up by plants and degraded by plant metabolic activities. Phytoremediation is the use of plants to clean up pollution in the environment, especially at hazardous waste sites. The word phytoremediation derives from the greek phyton. Phytoremediation utilized plantsbased systems and microbiological processes to reduce pollutants in nature 1. May 01, 2020 the importance of the calciumtomagnesium ratio for phytoremediation of dairy industry wastewater using the aquatic plant lemna minor l. Three case studies on the use of phytoremediation technologies for remediation of volatile organic contaminants vocs in soil and groundwater are discussed. The technique of phytoremediation is an engineered natural way to treat waste water using properties of wetland plants. In cooperation with an ecological consultant, cdg has used phytotechnology to achieve environmental. This guide provides abstracts of over 100 phytoremediation overviews, field studies and demonstrations, research articles, and internet resources.
Sep 12, 2017 phytoremediation phytoremediation definition. Bioremediation can be done using biostimulation, biofilters, treated and pumped methods, bioventing, bioreactors, composting, land forming. This glossary lists terms related to bioremediation. Pdf phytoremediation and bioremediation of pesticide. The importance of the calciumtomagnesium ratio for phytoremediation of dairy industry wastewater using the aquatic plant lemna minor l. Phytoremediation of textile process effluent by the use of water hyacinth is effective and efficient for the reduction of cod and metals present in the effluent. The use of metalaccumulating plants to clean soil and water contaminated with toxic metals is the most rapidly developing component of this environmentally friendly. It is an in situ remediation technologies are ecologically friendly and solar dependent cleanup technology. In particular, bioremediation is often used to mean using beneficial bacteria and microorganisms, phytoremediation uses plants, and mycoremediation uses fungi and mushrooms. By introducing certain plant species into a drainage or ponding system, cdg has successfully applied phytoremediation solutions as a remedy for a polluted site. You may need a pdf reader to view some of the files on this page.
Linnaeus university press, 351 95 vaxjo printed by. For the remediation of grey water a smallscale unit is constructed and laboratory reports of various parameters are compared. Bioremediation is an option that offers the possibility to destroy or render harmless various contaminants using natural biological activity. In this process, the plant releases natural substances through its roots, supplying. Also explore the seminar topics paper on phytoremediation with abstract or synopsis, documentation on advantages and disadvantages, base paper presentation slides for ieee final year chemical engineering chem or ieee chemical btech, be, mtech students for the year 2015 2016. The word phytoremediation derives from the greek phyton, meaning plant, and latin remedium, which means. Phytoremediation of heavy metalcontaminated soil by. Study on application of phytoremediation technology in.
Applications of bioremediation and phytoremediation article pdf available in science progress 96pt 4. Phytoremediation did you know that plants can be used to address wide spread, low levels of contamination. The roots dangle in the water to suck up the cesium 7 and strontium 90. Phytoremediation involves growing plants in a contaminated matrix to remove environmental contaminants by facilitating sequestration andor degradation detoxification of the pollutants. Danagardlitho ab, 2017 abstract marchand, charlotte 2017. It also provides a brief summary of phytoremediation. May 30, 2019 phytoremediation is popular in theory due to its low establishment cost and relative simplicity. Phytoremediation is a bioremediation process that uses various types of plants to remove, transfer, stabilize, and or destroy contaminants in the soil and groundwater. Other large companies such as chevron and dupont were also developing phytoremediation technologies. Phytoremediation 4 phytoremediation consists of mitigating pollutant concentrations in contaminated soils, water, or air, with plants able to contain, degrade, or eliminate metals, pesticides, solvents,explosives, crude oil and its derivatives, and various other contaminants from the media that contain them.
Bioremediation bioremediation is the productive utilization of living systems to degrade, detoxify, transform, immobilize or stabilize toxic environmental contaminants goal to degrade the pollutants that are either undetectable or if detectable to concentrations that are safe or acceptable by the regulatory agencies bioremediation techniques fall into four categories in situ treatment, composting, land farming, and above ground reactors. Phytoremediation landscape architecture canada foundation. There are several different types of phytoremediation mechanisms. The mechanisms of phytoremediation include enhanced rhizosphere biodegradation, phytoextraction also called phytoaccumulation, phytodegradation, and phytostabilization.
In theory, phytoremediation methods are cheap, are accepted by the public and, compared to physical or chemical approaches, are ecologically advantageous. A plant has a potential for accumulating, immobilizing, and transforming a low level of persistent contaminants. Phytoremediation of soil contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons and trace elements doctoral dissertation, department of biology and environmental science, linnaeus university, kalmar, 2017 isbn. Research has demonstrated that there are very few environments where microbes have not. Biotechnological approaches to improve phytoremediation efficiency for environment contaminants rana p. Research focusing specifically on the phytoremediation of contaminated soils has only grown significantly in the last 25 years. Phytoremediation is the use of living green plants for in situ risk reduction andor removal of contaminants from contaminated soil, water, sediments, and air. Bioremediation and phytoremediation share and discover. Phytoremediation uses wild or genetically modified plants gmps to extract a wide range of heavy metals and organic pollutants from the soil. Phytoextraction removes metals or organics from soils by accumulating them in the biomass of plants. Treatment of grey water using technique of phytoremediation. Phytoremediation is a quite novel technique to clean polluted soils using plants. Explore phytoremediation with free download of seminar report and ppt in pdf and doc format. Phytoremediation of contaminated soil and ground water at hazardous waste sites pdf 36 pp, 188 k, 2001, 540s01500.
Since its inception it has developed into an independent field of study and a widely applicable technology. Bioremediation is often used to mean using beneficial bacteria and microorganisms, phytoremediation uses plants, and mycoremediation uses fungi and mushrooms. In this process, the plant releases natural substances through its. Examples where phytoremediation has been used successfully include the restoration of abandoned metal mine workings, and sites where polychlorinated biphenyls have been dumped during manufacture and mitigation of ongoing coal mine discharges reducing the impact of contaminants in soils, water, or air. Thus, insitu bioremediation means bioremediation based on the degradative activities of endogenous microbial populations. Phytoremediation, also called green remediation, botanoremediation, agroremediation, or vegetative remediation is. This technology has been used for hundreds of years to treat human waste, re duce erosion, and protect water quality. Pdf applications of bioremediation and phytoremediation. This technology has been receiving attention lately as an innovative, costeffective alternative to the more established treatment methods used. Phytoremediation is the use of plants to improve degraded environments. How does phytoremediation work environmental sciences essay. Phytoremediation uses plants to remove pollutants from the environment.
Because it is based on natural processes, phytoremediation may be easily adaptable to many redevelopment plans for brownfields sites. Specially selected or engineered plants are used in the process. Bioremediation uses living things to break down or remove toxins and harmful substances from soil and water. Phytoremediation is a bioremediation process that uses various types of plants to remove, transfer, stabilize, andor destroy contaminants in the soil and groundwater. Phytoremediation seminar report, ppt, pdf for chemical.
Until today, however, there are only a few examples of success. Phytoremediation may be applied to polluted soil or static water environment. Chernobyl sunflower project 1994 it is carried out by phytotech, a phytoremediation company in monmouth junction, n. Aspen in phytoremediation aspen represent optimal plants for absorption, accumulation, storage, and degradation of environmental pollutants such as heavy metals, mercury, pcbs, nitrates, pesticide and herbicide residues, aromatics, wood preservatives, explosives and other wasteproducts. Download fulltext pdf phytoremediation of heavy metals. Phytoremediation mechanisms of heavy metal contaminated soils. Trends in bioremediation and phytoremediation, 2010. Phytodegradation, or phytotransformation, is the use of plants to uptake, store and degrade organic pollutants. Typical in situ phytoremediation system phytoremediation is a process that uses plants to remove, transfer, stabilize, and destroy contaminants in soil and sediment.
Scientists also found that certain plants could degrade organic contaminants by absorbing them from the soil and metabolizing them. The discovery of hyperaccumulator plants, which contain levels of heavy metals that phytoremediation can occur through a series of complex interactions between plants, microbes, and the soil, including accumulation. Phytoremediation represents a group of innovative technologies that use plants and natural processes to remediate or stabilize hazardous wastes in soil, sediments, surface water, or groundwater. Dec 21, 2010 chernobyl sunflower project 1994 it is carried out by phytotech, a phytoremediation company in monmouth junction, n. Phytoremediation mechanisms of heavy metal contaminated. In the 1990s, there were several companies working with phytoremediation, including phytotech, phytoworks, and earthcare. Also explore the seminar topics paper on phytoremediation with abstract or synopsis, documentation on advantages and disadvantages, base paper presentation slides for ieee final year chemical engineering chem or ieee chemical btech, be, mtech students for the year. Phytoremediation was derived from other fields such as agronomy, forestry, chemical and agricultural engineering, microbiology, and many others. Present phytoremediation system characteristics that site managers and others might find useful in assessing the potential applicability of phytoremediation to a specific site. Phytoremediation of tntcontaminated soils using plants selected by a fourstep screening procedure. It designates all vegetation based remediation measures. Phytoremediation is an emerging technology that uses various plants to degrade, extract, contain, or immobilize contaminants including metals, pesticides, hydrocarbons, and chlorinated solvents from soil and water. In theory, phytoremediation methods are cheap, are accepted by the public and, compared to. Figure 431 typical in situ phytoremediation system phytoremediation is a set of processes that uses plants to clean contamination in ground water and surface water.
The economic success of phytoremediation is dependent on photosynthetic activity and the rate of growth of the plant 2. Plants are unique organisms equipped with remarkable metabolic and absorption capabilities, as well as transport sys. Phytoremediation is an emerging bioremediation technology that uses the plant to remove contaminants from soil and water. Full length research paper phytoremediation of heavy metals from urban waste leachate by southern cattail typha domingensis amin mojiri1, hamidi abdul aziz1, mohammad ali zahed2, 1shuokr qarani aziz3, m. Phytoremediation and bioremediation of pesticidecontaminated soil article pdf available in applied sciences 104. Bioremediation looks at the whole system, the living soil communities, and aims to restore the maximum health, diversity, and life. Phytoremediation has gained extensively attention and much progress in remediation of inorganic and organic contaminants, and the means for enhanced phytoremediation. Bioremediation is also often compared to phytoremediation. Phytoremediation of soils contaminated with metals and.
Higher plants are being used to enhance the remediation of soils contaminated with recalcitrant organic compounds, but the mechanisms of dissipation have not been established. Finally, a matrix is also provided to allow easy screening of the abstracted references. Phytoremediation research at the university of washington. Phytoremediation has been applied at several sites on the national priorities. Recent techniques article pdf available in african journal of biotechnology 86. Phytoremediation is an emerging technology that uses various plants to degrade, extract, contain, or immobilize contaminants from soil and water.
702 64 1116 134 1109 502 829 423 1221 483 982 1106 20 1044 1203 1221 1032 1344 661 14 609 1329 855 444 68 768 1212 458 907 1485 208 33 418 594 815 1141 1065 183 629 168 161 598 41 410 182 1115 150